The most common symptom is itching in the anal area. Symptomatic infection with pinworm enterobius vermicularis, a human pathogen, is clinically relevant in germany, with an estimated prevalence in childhood of 220%. The diagnosis and treatment of pinworm infection 29. Pdf intraperitonealenterobius vermicularis infection. Pdf enterobius vermicularis is the most common helminthic infection in western europe and in the us. A second species, enterobius gregorii, recently has been found to cause the infection in africa, asia, and europe. The medical condition associated with pinworm infestation is known as pinworm infection or less precisely as oxyuriasis in reference to the family oxyuridae. Pinworm infection, also known as enterobiasis, is a human parasitic disease caused by the pinworm. Chen skip to main content we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to. Pinworm infection is caused by a small, thin, white roundworm called enterobius vermicularis. Enterobius vermicularis infection causing endometritis and persistent vaginal discharge in three siblings. Enterobius vermicularis pinworm is one of the most common human parasitic helminths, and children are the most susceptible group. Other species seen in primates include enterobius buckleyi in orangutan and enterobius. Pinworm infection is the most common intestinal worm infection in the united states.
Pinworm has the broadest geographic range of any helminth, and is the most prevalent helminth infection in the usa and western europe. It is usually considered an innocuous parasite that at the most causes perianal itching. Pinworm enterobius vermicularis infection among primary. Pdf enterobius vermicularis infection researchgate. The period of time from swallowing eggs to the appearance of new eggs around the anus is 4 to 8 weeks. Although pinworom infection can affect all people, it most. Abstract enterobius vermicularis is the most common helminthic infection in the us.
The present study aimed at the evaluation of enterobius vermicularis as a causative parasitic agent either directly or indirectly among children underwent surgical conditions. Enterobius vermicularis and allergic conditions in. Some behavioral and environmental factors may facilitate pinworm infection. W chemotherapeutic studies of natural pinworm infections in mice, exper. Although pinworom infection can affect all people, it most commonly occurs among children, institutionalized persons, and household members of persons with pinworm infection. What are potential complications of pinworm infection. In the republic of the marshall islands rmi, the status of pinworm infections among children remains unknown. This infection is caused by a small, white intestinal worm called enterobius vermicularis.
Pdf prevalence and associated factors of enterobius. Enterobius vermicularis infection is a prevalent intestinal parasitic disease in children. Samkari a, kiska dl, riddell sw, wilson k, weiner lb, domachowske jb. It is a nematode and a common intestinal parasite or helminth, especially in humans. Egg transmission occurs by the fecaloral route, either directly or indirectly via contaminated hands or objects such as clothes, toys, and bedding. Enterobius vermicularis is a parasite that lives exclusively in human beings and has been associated with surgical pathologies and infections such as colitis, perianal abscesses, intraabdominal granulomas, pelvic. Eosinophilic acute appendicitis and intraabdominal. Pinworm infection is the most common type of intestinal worm infection in the united states and one of the most common worldwide. We describe a case of an adolescent girl with pelvic inflammatory disease caused by enterobius vermicularis and discuss the diagnosis, management, and implications of this infection. Infection occurs via selfinoculation transferring eggs to the mouth with hands that have scratched the perianal area or through exposure to eggs in the environment e.
To view the entire topic, please sign in or purchase a subscription official website of the johns hopkins antibiotic abx, hiv, diabetes, and psychiatry guides, powered by unbound medicine. Enterobius pinworm is a topic covered in the johns hopkins abx guide. Pinworm eggs are spread directly from person to person and infect the intestines. It is commonly found in schoolaged children, though it is seen in adults as well. Frontiers helminth immunomodulation in autoimmune disease. Enterobius vermicularis infection of the appendix as a.
Here the author describes a case of an asymptomatic patient with enterobius infection as an. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 914k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. It is, however, enough of a pathogen to cause irritating symptoms in a great number of those persons infected. Pinworms are most often found in preschool and schoolaged children and their parents. While the cure rate is high, recurrences are common. Pinworm is endemic worldwide and commonly clusters within families. Prevalence of intestinal helminth infections among chinese schoolchildren in macao city. Now, lets look at the life cycle of a pinworm to understand them better. Additionally, young pinworms may be resistant to drugs. Enterobius vermicularis pinworm infection list of authors. In this study, we explored the epidemiological status and risk factors for e.
Introduction enterobius vermicularis, the pinworm of man, is probably the most. Infection follows ingestion of the egg on contaminated food or fomites. Patients, materials and methods this study was carried out from june 2014. The association of this parasitic infestation with acute appendicitis varies from 0. The causative nematode is enterobius vermicularis, formerly known as oxyuris vermicularis, or commonly as the pinworm or threadworm. Enterobius vermicularis infection in schoolchildren. The complete life cycle of enterobius vermicularis occurs in the gastrointestinal tract of human beings. Pinworm infection is most commonly caused by the species enterobius vermicularis, the threadworm. Case report a year old girl presented to the emergency room with a five day history of vomiting, diarrhoea, fever, and abdominal pain. Gastrointestinal infection due to enterobius vermicularis occurs worldwide and is considered to be the most common helminth infection. Particularly prevalent in the pediatric age group, pinworms also infect adults. Republic of the marshall islands rmi, the status of pinworm infections among children remains unknown. On detailed history and exam, she was found to have e. Here the author describes a case of an asymptomatic patient with enterobius infection.
Other than human, enterobius vermicularis were reported from bonnet macaque. This study was conducted to test for any such associations in norwegian children. Other species seen in primates include enterobius buckleyi in orangutan and enterobius anthropopitheci in ch. The nematode roundworm enterobius vermicularis is widely known as the. Pdf prevalence of helminth ova in soil samples from public places. E nterobius vermicularis infection is one of the most common parasitic infections in the gastrointestinal tract with an incidence of 4%28% in the pediatric population. A crosssectional survey was carried out in gaozhou city, guangdong province, china, in december 2011. While the infected person sleeps, female pinworms lay thousands of eggs in the folds of skin surrounding the anus. Dipylidium caninum mimicking recurrent enterobius vermicularis pinworm infection. Pdf detection of helminth ova and larvae in trichromestained.
Pelvic inflammatory disease associated with enterobius. Pinworm fact sheet pinworms are the most common worm infection in the united states pinworms enterobius vermicularis are small, white worms about the length of a staple that live in the rectum of humans. Prevalence and associated factors of enterobius vermicularis infection. Pinworm infection is the most common worm infection in the united states. Parents were asked to answer questionnaires concerning their childrens history of allergies, wheezing or eczema and pinworm infections. Enterobius vermicularis is the most common helminthic infection in western europe and in the us. Pinworm, anal worm, and seat worm are common names given this strictly human cosmopolitan parasite. Enterobius vermicularis pinworm is one of the most common human parasitic helminths, and children are the most. Gravid adult female enterobius vermicularis deposit eggs on perianal folds. Pinworm infection is treatable with overthecounter or prescription medication, but reinfection, which occurs. The pinworm, also known as threadworm or seatworm, is a parasitic worm. The intestinal nematode roundworm enterobius vermicularis. A study that aimed to determine the extent of enterobiasis, strongyloidiasis, and other helminth infections in infants, preschoolaged, and schoolaged children from rural coastal tanzania reported that enterobius vermicularis infections were found in 4.
The table below lists firstchoice and alternative drugs for most parasitic infections. The principal adverse effects of these druugs are listed on pages e2427. Pinworm infection of the appendix stock image c0227218. While an infected person sleeps, female pinworms leave the intestines through the anus and deposit eggs on the. Since, there is no comprehensive analysis to estimate the prevalence of e. Enterobius vermicularis pinworm statpearls ncbi bookshelf. Risk factors for enterobius vermicularis infection in. The infection caused by pinworms is called enterobiasis, but sometimes referred to as oxyuriasis. Although it is found all over the world, it is more common in the temperate regions than in the tropics. Evaluation of lactophenol cotton blue stain for detection of eggs of enterobius vermicularis in perianal surface samples. Eggs of enterobius vermicularis human pinworm were found in hum coprolites from hopug and danger caves, western utah. Introduction enterobius vermicularis, the pinworm of man, is probably the most cosmopolitan of all the helminthic parasites.
Pinworm infection is treatable with overthecounter or prescription medication, but reinfection, which occurs easily, should be prevented. Pinworms are thin and white, measuring about 14 to 12 inch about 6 to millimeters in length. Animalia nematoda secernetea rhabditida oxyuridae enterobius vermicularis. Pinworms are about the length of a staple and live in the rectum of humans. This represents the earliest known association between man abd this exclusively human parasite. Enterobius vermicularis infection bmc infectious diseases.
The table that begins on page e28 summarizes the known prenatal risks of antiparasitic drugs. Pinworms are nematodes in the family oxyuridae, genus enterobius. Enterobius vermicularis as a novel surrogate for the presence of. Enterobius vermicularis, the pinworm or threadworm, occurs worldwide and is the most common helminthic infection in western europe and the usa, although, strictly speaking, it is not a soil transmitted helminth. Enterobius vermicularis an overview sciencedirect topics. These small worms are found in the human intestine and crawl out of the rectum at night to lay eggs on the anal area. Enterobiasis nord national organization for rare disorders. Pdf enterobius vermicularis, also called pinworm, is one of the most common nematode infections in the world. Pinworm enterobiasis, oxyuriasis, threadworm chapter 4.
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